Under light loads, at lower speeds, one or both motors can power the vehicle while the engine is off. The "power split" part of the description means both sources come together to provide a single torque output to the wheels. Toyota's system, first introduced in a Japan-market Prius in 1997, uses two motors between engine and front wheels, powered by a small battery pack (0.8 to 1.4 kilowatt-hours). In a parallel hybrid system, both an engine and an electric motor can power the wheels, together or separately. Toyota Prius Wasn't the First Hybrid, So What Was?.Note these aren't terms generally used by new-car shoppers (with the possible exception of "plug-in hybrid"), but technical differences in how the hardware works to propel the vehicle. Let's break down the different types of hybrid systems used in vehicles people drive in their daily lives. Both parallel and series hybrids can do that so can plug-in hybrids. There's a reason for that: Toyota has now sold the vast majority of the more than 25 million gasoline-electric hybrids on the world's roads, most of which use its classic two-motor power-split parallel-hybrid system.īut what does that string of words actually mean? The most useful way to distinguish among hybrid-electric systems is to ask whether the hybrid system can power the vehicle on battery electricity alone, or whether the gasoline engine always has to be on. When someone says, "I own a hybrid," we often imagine a Toyota Prius.
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